Review on Magnetism in nanomaterials and Superparamagnetism
Nanotechnology play prominent role in the fabrication of novel materials by controlling the structure of matter at the nanodimensional scale. The particles at the nano scale change their material properties in a dramatic way showing unique properties. In many ferromagnetic materials when the size of the particle is reduced to nano level, magnetic property enhances leading to super-paramagnetic state. The magnetic moment of the material randomly flips the direction of their magnetisation and random orientations of magnetic spins inside the particles result to zero remnant magnetisation and zero coercivity. The hysteresis loop changes unusually and passes through the origin showing the state of zero magnetisation.
